Guanosine triphosphate

Synonyms: gtp

Luca Fischer

edited by

Julen Lux Baranano,

1. Definition

Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is a chemical compound from the nucleoside triphosphate group. It contains energy-rich phosphate residues and thus serves as an energy store within cells.

2. Chemistry

The GTP molecule is a condensation product of the purine base guanine, the sugar ribose and three molecules of phosphate. Energy is released by splitting off a phosphate residue to form guanosine diphosphate.

Guanosine triphosphate has the molecular formula C₁₀H₁₆N₅O₁₄P₃and a molar mass of 523.18 g/mol.

With the help of the enzyme guanylyl cyclase, the signal molecule cGMP can also be synthesized from GTP.

3. Physiology

The released energy can be used in various processes:

1. Signal transduction: GTP activates G-proteins, which transmit signals from cell surface receptors and trigger important cellular reactions such as hormone signaling and sensory stimuli.

2. Recovery of ATP out of ADP

3. Construction of DNA and RNA

4. Structural formula

Source: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/135398633

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Specialty

Biochemistry, Chemistry

Keywords

Last edit:

2024-12-26 19:15:13

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